Generalized peritonitis lead to shock: Diagnosis and management

Abstract

The peritoneum is a membrane consisting of one layer of mesothelic cells which is separated from the vascular connective tissue underneath by the basement membrane. It forms a closed pouch where the visera can move freely inside. The peritoneum includes the abdominal cavity as the parietal peritoneum and bends to the organs as the visceral peritoneum (Marshall, 2003).Peritonitis is inflammation of the peritoneum (the serous lining that covers the abdominal cavity and abdominal organs therein). It is an acute form of illness, and is a surgical emergency. Can occur locally or in general, through an infectious process due to intestinal perforation, for example in appendix rupture orcolonic diverticulum, or non-infection, for example due to gastric acid discharge in gastric perforation, bile acid excretion in gallbladder perforation. In women, peritonitis is often caused by infection of the fallopian tubes or ovarian rupture [1].