Abstract
The characteristic feature of 5G is the diversity of its services for different user needs. However, the requirements for these services are competing in nature, which impresses the necessity of a coordinated and flexible network architecture. Although coordinated multipoint (CoMP) systems were primarily proposed to improve the cell edge performance in 4G, their collaborative nature can be leveraged to support the diverse requirements and enabling technologies of 5G and beyond networks. To this end, we propose generalization of CoMP to a proactive and efficient resource utilization framework capable of supporting different user requirements such as reliability, latency, throughput, and security while considering network constraints. This article elaborates on the multiple aspects, inputs, and outputs of the generalized CoMP (GCoMP) framework. Apart from user requirements, the GCoMP decision mechanism also considers the CoMP scenario and network architecture to decide upon outputs such as CoMP technique or appropriate coordinating clusters. To enable easier understanding of the concept, popular use cases, such as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication and eHealth, are studied. Additionally, interesting challenges and open areas in GCoMP are discussed.
Highlights
5G tried to address the different requirements by introducing the concept of numerologies [3], [4]; the lack of available spectrum has led to research regarding spectrum sharing and utilization of higher frequency bands such as millimeter wave [5], visible light communication (VLC) [6] and terahertz (THz) communication [7]; the diversity of network infrastructure itself is expected to increase with the incorporation of non-terrestrial networks [8] and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided smart radio environments [9]
dynamic point selection (DPS) is a special case of joint transmission (JT), where even though the user equipments (UEs) data is available at different transmission points (TPs), it is only transmitted from one TP at any given time [70]
5G was characterized by the introduction of diverse services, applications, and user requirements
Summary
The reemergence of CoMP is illustrated by multitude of works in literature targeted at addressing the diverse requirements of 5G and beyond networks such as mobility management [23]–[28], reliability and latency [29]–[33], energy efficiency [34]–[40], and security [41]–[43]. The proposed generalized CoMP (GCoMP) concept is targeted towards realizing an efficient, adaptive, and optimized resource management framework which takes into account the dynamic nature of application/user requirements, network capabilities, and resource availability. A simple case study is provided to demonstrate the working of GCoMP, which illustrates the effect of varying user/application requirements on the performance of different clustering approaches and coordination schemes.
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