Abstract
We investigate the effects of turbulent absorbing seawater and generalized Bessel Gaussian (GBG) vortex structural parameters on the transmission of orbital angular momentum (OAM). The receiving probability spectrum and bit error probability of OAM mode carried by GBG vortex are deduced with the orthogonal spiral phase expansion of random GBG vortex and signal-to-noise ratio of OAM mode. By numerical analysis, the underwater transmission invariance of GBG vortex is studied, and the optimal aperture angle of GBG vortex corresponding to the maximum received probability of OAM signal is obtained. The impact of seawater parameters and optical transceiver systems on bit error probability is analyzed by using optimal aperture angle. We found that the transmission invariance of OAM modes of GBG vortex is well maintained even in weak turbulent absorbing seawater. Moreover, received probability and bit error probability are significantly affected even if the deviation of the aperture angle from its optimal position is minimal, and Durnin-ring radius should be the minimum within the experimental allowable range. According to signal transmission distance, the selection of high SNR transceiver system, optimal aperture angle, low order OAM topological charge, and minimum Durnin-ring radius allowed by the experiment can optimize the OAM signal transmission efficiency.
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