Abstract
Over the past 50 years, cancer research has significantly improved, starting with identifying the initial oncogene, a gene responsible for promoting cancer development. Cancer frequently involves disrupting molecular signaling pathways that govern cellular growth and differentiation. The P53 signaling pathway performs a fundamental function in the cellular stress response and is responsible for controlling the cell cycle, DNA repair, and apoptosis. The fault of this pathway has been associated with various types of cancer, making it a principal field of research in the study of molecular biology and the medicine of cancer therapy. The goal of this research is to thoroughly and precisely review and study the general P53 signaling pathway and its associated genes, including TP53, MDM2, MDM4, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, and TP53BP1. Obtaining information concerning the mechanisms and functions of these genes in the general P53 biopathway can provide valuable knowledge of the important progressions of cancer and the advance of new treatment approaches. Herein, we provide an up-to-date review of general P53 signaling pathway-related genes in cancer to better understand the molecular complexity underlying cancer research.
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