Abstract

The chapter presents the characteristics of karst, karst hydrology, mor‑phology and typology. In the hydrological overview, karst water zones are identified and described; surface karst features (karren, dolines, poljes, etc.) are defined broken down to their main varieties with their brief characterisation. The main genetic types of caves are presented. Karst types are identified according to their geological conditions (such as covering, structure), and then the types by hydrology and cover are described. In the classification by climatic environment, tundra, temperate, mediterranean, tropical and high-mountain (glacio)karst are identified and described.

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