Gene expression regional differences in human subcutaneous adipose tissue

Edoardo Dalla Nora,Maria-Agata Miselli,Juana Maria Sanz,Mario Luca Morieri,Rossella Colonna,Giovanni Zuliani,Angelina Passaro

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.809

Edoardo Dalla Nora, Maria-Agata Miselli + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.809

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Journal: Atherosclerosis	Publication Date: Aug 1, 2017
License type: other-oa

Affiliation: University of Ferrara

Abstract

Gene expression regional differences in human subcutaneous adipose tissue

Highlights

Accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is clearly associated with an increased risk of obesity-related diseases and all-cause mortality, whereas gluteal subcutaneous fat accumulation (g-subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT)) is associated with a lower risk
This organ is made up of several depots located in two main compartments of the body: subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissues (VAT)
Depot differences in adipocyte metabolism and endocrine function are clearly important in etiology of obesity related diseases, the relative contribution of VAT compared to abdominal subcutaneous is still controversial

Summary

Introduction

Accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is clearly associated with an increased risk of obesity-related diseases and all-cause mortality, whereas gluteal subcutaneous fat accumulation (g-SAT) is associated with a lower risk. Animal and in vitro studies demonstrated that adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous depots have distinct morphological, metabolic and functional characteristics These regional differences have a key role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases. Despite adipocytes represent ~90% of the tissue volume, other cells type are present in adipose tissue such as preadipocytes, endothelial cells, pericytes, multipotent stem cells and immune system cells (macrophages, Tcells, neutrophils, lymphocytes) It is generally regarded as a tissue without a specific anatomy. There are increasing data supporting the idea that adipose depots are organized to form a large organ with discrete anatomy, specific vascular and nerve supplies, complex cytology, and high physiological plasticity [2] This organ is made up of several depots located in two main compartments of the body: subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissues (VAT). The adipose organ contributes to many fundamental biological functions: thermogenesis, lactation, immune responses and obviously energy balance and energy substrates partitioning

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