Abstract
BackgroundGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumour and there is no definite cure. It has been suggested that there are significant interactions among mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), their released factors and tumour cells that ultimately determine GBM’s growth pattern. This study aims to analyse the expression of molecules involved in GBM cell apoptotic pathways following treatment with the MSC secretome.MethodsA conditioned medium of umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCMSC-CM) was generated by culturing the cells on serum-free αMEM for 24 h. Following this, human GBM T98G cells were treated with UCMSC-CM for 24 h. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was then performed to measure the mRNA expression of survivin, caspase-9, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), DR4 and DcR1.ResultsmRNA expression of caspase-9 in CM-treated T98G cells increased 1.6-fold (P = 0.017), whereas mRNA expression of survivin increased 3.5-fold (P = 0.002). On the other hand, TRAIL protein expression was upregulated (1.2-fold), whereas mRNA expression was downregulated (0.4-fold), in CM-treated cells. Moreover, there was an increase in the mRNA expression of both DR4 (3.5-fold) and DcR1 (1,368.5-fold) in CM-treated cells.ConclusionThe UCMSC-CM was able to regulate the expression of molecules involved in GBM cell apoptotic pathways. However, the expression of anti-apoptotic molecules was more upregulated than that of pro-apoptotic molecules.
Highlights
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumour and is most commonly found in humans [1]
We found that the mRNA expression of survivin increased by 3.5fold in T98G cells treated with Umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCMSCs)-CM compared with controls
By using a different glioblastoma cell line (T98G) that had not been used by prior studies, this study provides information that supplements the study performed by Bajetto et al [20], showing that UCMSC-CM increases the growth of glioblastoma cell lines (T98G), there was a slight increase in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway
Summary
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumour and is most commonly found in humans [1]. Due to its distinctive features and malignant behaviour, GBM is designated by World Health Organization (WHO) as a grade IV astrocytoma [2]. The life expectancy of patients with GBM is usually less than a year [3]. Despite advances in modern cancer treatments, its heterogeneous nature enables tumour cells to migrate over long distances into parts of the brain that are crucial for survival. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumour and there is no definite cure. This study aims to analyse the expression of molecules involved in GBM cell apoptotic pathways following treatment with the MSC secretome
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