Abstract
A variety of pollutants are present in natural and artificial environments. These pollutants are divided into two groups, chemical and biological pollutants. They cause various problems such as metal corrosion, environmental damage, and human health issues. Chemical pollutants contain heavy metals, hydrocarbons, exhaust gases, and endocrine disruptors. Such pollutants may possibly be detected by using a biosensor. On the other hand, the main biological pollutants are microorganisms. Microorganisms in environments can be detected by using culture-dependent and molecular biology-dependent methods. In particular, this chapter focuses on the molecular biology-dependent evaluation for biological pollution. First I introduce some methods of gene analysis as molecular biology-dependent evaluation techniques. Then I discuss gene analysis for endocrine disruptor detection and the application of a biosensor. Materials may be exposed to various pollutions in their respective environments so a variety of evaluation techniques for different pollutants exist. Thus, the adoption of a proper evaluation technique would be useful for maintaining the quality of materials.
Published Version
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