Abstract
This study aimed to find how demographic compositions at job- and establishment-levels affect the wages of women and men. Using employer–employee matched data, this study found that the proportion of females at the job-level produces opposite results for men and women, when the jobs are embedded in female-dominated workplaces; as a consequence, the within-job gender wage gap becomes greater as the proportion of females at the workplace increases. In sum, female concentration at the workplace fortifies the negative effect of gender devaluation, a pattern that previous studies focusing on occupational-level might have missed.
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