Abstract
Dendranthema indicum var. aromaticum, which is an aromatic plant with a strong and special fragrance throughout the whole plant, is used for the treatment of colds and headaches, and as a mosquito repellant in Shennongjia, Hubei province, China. To analyze the composition of the essential oil from this medicinal herb, we developed a gas chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method including microwave-assisted extraction, hydrodistillation and direct headspace analysis in two different stationary phase columns. In total, 115 volatile compounds were identified, of which 90 compounds were identified using Rxi-5MS and 78 using HP-INNOWAX. Our results revealed that the oil was mainly composed of five categories of compound: oxygenated monoterpenes (28.76–78.10%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (4.27–38.06%), sesquiterpenes (3.22–11.57%), fatty hydrocarbons (1.65–9.81%) and monoterpenes (0–3.32%). The major constituents are α-thujone, β-thujone, cis-sabinol, sabinyl acetate and (-)-neointermedeol.However, the essential oil composition in the published literature differs significantly. Therefore, a cluster analysis was carried out using the top ten compositions in the reported literature as well as this study, using Minitab software. To provide detailed information on plant origin, the ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 region was amplified and sequenced (Accession No. MF668250). Besides, in order to provide a macroscopic view of the chemical composition, the biosynthetic pathway of the main components was summarized according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database and the published literatures.
Highlights
Dendranthema indicum (L.) Des Monl. var. aromaticum is a perennial herbal plant belonging to the family Compositae and the genus Dendranthema and is a variety of D. indicum (L.) DesMonl(Chrysanthemum indicum) [1]
The essential oil and extracts from this plant have been widely used as an additive in the pharmaceutical, food, perfume and cosmetics industries, which are of important economic significance [5]
The essential oil of D. indicum var. aromaticum essential oil was extracted with three methods and the chemical constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) with two different types of column
Summary
Aromaticum is a perennial herbal plant belonging to the family Compositae and the genus Dendranthema and is a variety of D. indicum (L.) Des. Monl(Chrysanthemum indicum) [1]. This variety is endemic in Shennongjia Nature Reserve, Hubei. Aromaticum is a naturally aromatic plant, and all its parts have a special fragrance [3]. In its localarea, this plant is used to treat colds and headaches, and the dried flowers and leaves are put into sachets to repel mosquitoes [3]. The essential oil and extracts from this plant have been widely used as an additive in the pharmaceutical, food, perfume and cosmetics industries, which are of important economic significance [5]
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