GC-FID Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of the Calyptranthes concinna Essential Oil against MDR Bacterial Strains

Maria Do Socorro Costa,Luiz Everson Da Silva,Thiago Sampaio De Freitas,Wanderlei Do Amaral,Nara Juliana Santos Araújo,Camila Confortin,Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho,Cícero Deschamps,Francisco Assis Bezerra Da Cunha

doi:10.3390/separations7010010

Maria Do Socorro Costa, Luiz Everson Da Silva + Show 7 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/separations7010010

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Abstract

Presently, results from a study carried out in this area using the essential oil from the Calyptranthes concinna species, a representative from the Myrtaceae family, are reported. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was used to identify its chemical constituents. Antibacterial activity was determined using the broth microdilution method, thus obtaining the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value, from which the subinhibitory concentration (MIC/8) was derived. The C. concinna essential oil presented antibacterial activity against both standard and multiresistant bacteria. In addition, the oil demonstrated an antibiotic activity potentiation against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli when in combination with the antibiotic gentamicin, reducing the MIC from 141.38 μg/mL and 208.63 μg/mL to 64 μg/mL and 128 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusions: Findings from the present study suggest this oil is promising in terms of its antimicrobial activity.

Highlights

Microorganismal resistance, with its main consequence being a difficulty in treating pathologies, increases healthcare costs and mortality rates associated with infections [1], being considered a growing problem for public healthcare around the world [2].An alternative for tackling this problem is the use of natural products, such as essential oils, in substitution or in combination with antibiotics, as these products possess antimicrobial properties [3,4].these products can be obtained from several botanical families.The indiscriminate use of antibiotics occurs in different proportions around the world and is associated with factors such as self-medication and inadequate prescription
With the aforementioned in mind, the present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and bacterial resistance modifying potential of the Calyptranthes concinna DC essential oil against standard and multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains
Extraction of the Calyptranthes concinna essential oil was carried out using the hydrodistillation method in a Clevenger apparatus for a period of 2.5 h, using 50 g of dry leaves in 1 L of distilled water with 3 replicates [17]

Summary

Introduction

Microorganismal resistance, with its main consequence being a difficulty in treating pathologies, increases healthcare costs and mortality rates associated with infections [1], being considered a growing problem for public healthcare around the world [2].An alternative for tackling this problem is the use of natural products, such as essential oils, in substitution or in combination with antibiotics, as these products possess antimicrobial properties [3,4].these products can be obtained from several botanical families.The indiscriminate use of antibiotics occurs in different proportions around the world and is associated with factors such as self-medication and inadequate prescription. Microorganismal resistance, with its main consequence being a difficulty in treating pathologies, increases healthcare costs and mortality rates associated with infections [1], being considered a growing problem for public healthcare around the world [2]. An alternative for tackling this problem is the use of natural products, such as essential oils, in substitution or in combination with antibiotics, as these products possess antimicrobial properties [3,4]. These products can be obtained from several botanical families. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics occurs in different proportions around the world and is associated with factors such as self-medication and inadequate prescription. The need for the development of increasingly potent antimicrobials has grown due to diverse needs, such as those presented in the public healthcare field, where the emergence of microbial resistance is a factor reducing the quality of life of individuals and which considerably increases the probability of hospital infection [6]

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