Abstract
Gastric xanthelasma (GX) is a rare tumor-like lesion customarily found as an incidental finding due to its asymptomatic appearance. Grossly, it is a well-marked yellow-white plaque created in the lamina propria by microscopic clusters of foamy macrophages. Xanthelasma is rarely correlated with gastric hyperplastic polyps; gastric xanthomas are rare benign lesions that appear to be associated with inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Etiopathogenesis is also unclear, but it has been suggested to be involved in chronic gastritis, infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia. The gastric xanthoma prevalence ranges from 0.23% to 7%. Orth first described the condition in 1887. It has been found that xanthelasmas are associated with chronic gastritis, gastrointestinal anastomosis, intestinal metaplasia, and H. pylori infection. These lesions predispose patients to gastric cancer conditions. Xanthoma (GX) was reported to be a predictive marker for early gastric cancer. However, the effectiveness of these scores and xanthoma (GX) as predictive markers for early gastric cancer detected after H. pylori eradication remains unknown.
Highlights
Xanthomas, known as “xanthelasmas,” are plaque-like red lesions defined by the presence of histiocytic containing lipids
As is often seen in patients with early stomach cancer in the gastric mucosa, xanthelasma was thought to be a predicative causative agent or gastric adenocarcinoma pre-tumorigenesis change [4, 5]. With pathological modifications such as chronic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, and alterations induced by bile reflux or partial gastrectomy, lipid islands are most frequently discovered in the stomach
Phagocytosis of H. pylori bacteria may induce the transformation of macrophages into foamy cells that penetrate the lamina. erefore, this recent study shows that gastric xanthoma has a relationship with gastric cancer development
Summary
Known as “xanthelasmas,” are plaque-like red lesions defined by the presence of histiocytic containing lipids They are discovered during the upper endoscopy of the GI. As is often seen in patients with early stomach cancer in the gastric mucosa, xanthelasma was thought to be a predicative causative agent or gastric adenocarcinoma pre-tumorigenesis change [4, 5] With pathological modifications such as chronic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, and alterations induced by bile reflux or partial gastrectomy, lipid islands are most frequently discovered in the stomach. Erefore, this recent study shows that gastric xanthoma has a relationship with gastric cancer development We discussed the relationship between gastric xanthoma and predictive markers of gastric cancer (Figure 1)
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