Abstract
To analyze mucosal proliferation and its characteristics, through specific models of duodenogastric reflux, in the stomach of Wistar rats. Seventy-five healthy and adult male rats were divided into three groups: group I--control (n = 25 animals), submitted to gastrotomy of the posterior wall of the glandular stomach; group II--DGR (n = 25 animals), submitted to duodenogastric reflux through latero-lateral gastrojejunal anastomosis in the posterior wall of the glandular stomach and group III--DGR-P (n = 25 animals), submitted to duodenogastric reflux through the pylorus following the same procedure of group II, sectioning and closing the afferent loop. The animals were observed during 36 weeks and subsequently the mucosal lesions were analyzed, with macroscopic and microscopic examination of the prepyloric, the gastrojejunostomy and the squamous area of the stomach. Group I did not present any kind of lesion. Macroscopic lesions of the prepyloric area in groups II and III were 0% and 20%, respectively. Macroscopic lesions of the gastrojejunal stoma in groups II and III were 36% and 88%, respectively, and 12% and 28%, respectively, in the squamous area. Microscopically, adenomatous hyperplasia (AH), squamous hyperplasia (SH) and adenocarcinoma (AC) were diagnosed. The occurrence of AH at the prepyloric area in groups II and III was 0% and 40%, respectively, and in the gastrojejunal stoma, 40% and 72%, respectively. The occurrence of SH in the squamous area in groups II and III was 12% and 20%, respectively, without statistical differences between the groups. AC was found only in three animals of groups III (12%). The duodenogastric reflux in this experimental model caused high frequency of proliferative lesions of the gastrojejunal stoma and in the prepyloric area, while adenocarcinoma was a rare occurrence.
Highlights
The gastric mucosa is susceptible to the onset of proliferative lesions when submitted to reflux of the duodenal content [1,2]
Seventy-five healthy and adult male rats were divided into three groups: group I – control (n = 25 animals), submitted to gastrotomy of the posterior wall of the glandular stomach; group II – difference when compared to Group II (DGR) (n = 25 animals), submitted to duodenogastric reflux through latero-lateral gastrojejunal anastomosis in the posterior wall of the glandular stomach and group III – DGR-P (n = 25 animals), submitted to duodenogastric reflux through the pylorus following the same procedure of group II, sectioning and closing the afferent loop
Considering the divergent results in the literature regarding the frequency of gastric adenocarcinoma in experimental models that produce duodenogastric reflux, we proposed to carry out an experimental study with the objective of diagnosing the nature of these proliferative lesions
Summary
The gastric mucosa is susceptible to the onset of proliferative lesions when submitted to reflux of the duodenal content [1,2]. The intensity of glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia is directly related to the reflux of duodenal secretions in the gastric mucosa. Considering the divergent results in the literature regarding the frequency of gastric adenocarcinoma in experimental models that produce duodenogastric reflux, we proposed to carry out an experimental study with the objective of diagnosing the nature of these proliferative lesions. Surface down, secured with pins, fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and plugged with a tampon for 24 hours and in 70% alcohol.The squamous mucosa and the gastric mucosa were transversally cut at the anastomosis and pylorus level, obtaining 2 fragments of about 2 mm from each segment. The statistical analysis employed the Chi-square test and Fischer’s exact tests, with a 5% level of significance 15
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