Abstract
Air phytoremediation is one of the sustainable and eco-friendly biotechnology to remedy polluted atmospheric environment. The microgravity environment in International Space Station (ISS) cabin is contaminated with various traces of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as toluene. The mature plant showed the capability to remove air pollution under simulated microgravity (μG). However, generally, plants are brought to space in seed form. In this study, we tried to observe gaseous toluene phytoremediation by Vigna radiata seedlings grown under μG started from the seeds form and evaluate its effect on seedling's growth and plant stress response through endogenous hormones auxin and gibberellin. V. radiata could remove toluene under μG generated by Random Positional Machine at 24 h, 72 h, and 120 h and seem better compared to V. radiata under 1G. Under μG, V. radiata with or without toluene showed strange hypocotyl bending direction, and some roots grew to aerial parts. Gibberellic acid (GA3) showed higher under μG compared to under 1G. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content in shoots of V. radiata under μG + toluene showed similar to that of V. radiata under μG and 1G, whereas V. radiata under 1G + toluene had higher IAA almost two times compared to other treatments. V. radiata under 1G + toluene likewise showed shorter hypocotyl length and lower fresh weight compared to other treatments. This study demonstrated that IAA of V. radiata under μG was maintained at a suitable level, although being exposed to 50 ppm toluene resulted in preventing stunted growth.
Published Version
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