Abstract
The extraction of focused electron beams via the system of funnels and outlets is discussed. The increase of efficiency is achieved by the use of gas-discharge electron sources, complication of a funnel shape and consideration of a beam effect on pressure differential.
Highlights
In some cases a form and mutual arrangement of gas-dynamic windows elements together with the passing beam modes can define a pressure differential and beam losses, but not capacity of pumping means
The devices with beams removal usually consist of an electron source and an output window that separates its vacuum volume from a chamber, filled with a gas
Despite growing interest to application of continuous beams their application is retarded by a number of problems, evolving in the process of electron sources operation with gas-dynamic windows
Summary
In some cases a form and mutual arrangement of gas-dynamic windows elements together with the passing beam modes can define a pressure differential and beam losses, but not capacity of pumping means. Gas, flowing into the vacuum, is accelerated into the region of supersonic velocities, and expands in the form of a hollow jet with formation of the pressure compacting zone (Mach disk) in front of the output elements.
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