Gas and Water Vapor Transport through a Series of Novel Poly(aryl ether sulfone) Membranes

Abstract

The permeation behavior of water vapor, H2, CO2, O2, N2, and CH4 gases in a series of novel poly(aryl ether sulfone)s has been examined over a temperature range of 30−100 °C. These polymers include four alkyl-substituted cardo poly(aryl ether sulfone)s and four intermolecular interaction enhanced poly(aryl ether sulfone)s. Their water vapor and gas transport properties were compared to the unmodified cardo poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PES-C). It was found that the bulky alkyl substituents on the phenylene rings were advantageous for gas permeability, while the intermolecular hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds resulted in a considerable increase in gas permselectivity. The causes of the trend were interpreted according to free volume, interchain distance, and glass transition temperature, together with the respective contribution of gas solubility and diffusivity to the overall permeability. Of interest was the observation that IMPES-L, which simultaneously bears bulky isopropyl substituent and pendant carboxylic groups, displayed 377% higher O2 permeability and 5.3% higher O2/N2 permselectivity than PES-C. Furthermore, sodium salt form PES−Na+ and potassium salt form PES−K+ exhibited water vapor permeability twice as high as PES-C and H2O/N2 selectivity in 105 order of magnitude.