Abstract
AbstractWe introduce the lasing principle and important characteristics of photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser (PC-SELs). Specifically, we demonstrate two-dimensional coherent lasing oscillation with GaN PC-SELs, using a unique crystal growth technique called “air hole retained overgrowth” (AROG). Above the threshold, we obtained a two-dimensionally distributed near-field pattern, and a distinctive far-field pattern with a divergence angle less than 1°. We also investigate a suitable sample structure for the reduction of the threshold current, where the PC structure is moved from an n-cladding layer to a p-cladding one. This is an important step towards the realization of novel light sources that can be integrated two dimensionally for a variety of new scientific and engineering applications in the blue to ultraviolet wavelengths.
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