Fuzzy Logic-Based Energy Storage Control in Smart Grids for Grid Stability

Abstract

This study studies the usefulness of fuzzy logic-based control systems for improving energy storage control inside smart grids to promote grid stability. The study combines empirical data analysis, including energy storage system (ESS) specifications, smart grid operational data, fuzzy logic-based control rules, and ESS state variables, to demonstrate the suitability and efficiency of using fuzzy logic-based control mechanisms in dynamic grid environments. The examination of ESS specs revealed a wide range of maximum capacities, spanning from 100 kWh to 200 kWh. Additionally, the charge and discharge efficiencies exhibited variations, ranging from 85% to 96%. An analysis of operational data from the smart grid revealed significant variations in grid frequency, ranging from 50.0 Hz to 50.3 Hz. Voltage levels also exhibited fluctuations, ranging from 229 kV to 232 kV. Additionally, renewable energy generation from solar and wind sources showed fluctuations between 1400 kW to 1650 kW and 800 kW to 850 kW, respectively. The incorporation of linguistic factors and fuzzy rules based on grid parameters facilitated the adaptive control of ESS units in the construction of fuzzy logic-based control rules. The analysis of ESS state variables revealed dynamic changes in the state of charge, which ranged from 60% to 90%. Additionally, oscillations in available energy were observed across different timestamps and ESS units. An investigation of in state variables, revealed adaptive changes percentage change demonstrating varying degrees of variations in state of charge, available energy, and operational states at various timestamps. The results emphasize the flexibility and efficiency of control systems based on fuzzy logic in improving energy storage operations in smart grids, highlighting their capacity to improve grid stability and efficiently handle changing grid characteristics.