Abstract
In the following investigation we pay special attention to the role of selforganization in fusion plasma physics and in the cosmos. We present a new approach to the expansion of the universe. Formally the technique developed relies on our experience from treating hot fusion plasmas. We account for the possibility that the universe, as it seems, could have a finite life-time (even if it is counted in billions of years), and combine this assumption with the experimental observation that the velocity of separation of distant galaxies is proportional to the distance between the galaxies (the Hubble law). By analysis of a NL PDE (nonlinear partial differential equation) we succed in proving that the crucial value of an exponent has a simple linear relationship with the Hubble constant. It is recognized that the scale-length that we use as a measure of the expansion is equivalent to the Einstein radius of curvature. The final results suggest that the Hubble law should be extended by a factor, which could have an explosive tendency of growth in time (open universe), or a decaying character (closed universe). The possibility of reversed expansion or an oscillating universe “cosmic pendulum” is also discussed.
Highlights
Space is full of fields and particles
Our nonlinear partial differential equation (NL PDE) provides a dynamic equation for the universe, which might even be extended to account for the influence of sources to the case of a hot fusion plasma
It would be temping to try a nonlinear diffusion type of description for the expanding universe similar to the one successfully used for particle transport and temperature conductivity in fusion plasma physics
Summary
Space is full of fields and particles. The fields could be gravitational, magnetic, electric etc . . . and the particles: protons, neutrons, electrons, neutrinos etc. The particles can be grouped together forming more complex systems like atoms, molecules or plasmas (free ions and electrons at high temperatures) The motion of such systems depends on their inertia as well on the presence of fields [1,2,3,4]. The self-formation of e.g. a fusion plasma may result in bell-shaped stuctrures, exhibiting the impressive peculiarity of so-called profile self-consistency, a tendency to retain optimal radial distribution profiles of plasma and temperature [5,6,7,8,9,10] Such profiles resist any attempts to modify them, e.g. by a change of external power deposition profile [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. Note that more than four centuries passed in between the two events realized by Leonardo and Vincent, outstanding artists of the last millenium
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