Abstract
This chapter introduces some elementary concepts regarding information theory. First, we present entropy and other measures of information. Then, we discuss a very important quantity in classical information theory, the capacity of a discrete noisy channel. In the second part of this chapter, we give a brief introduction to the quantum information theory. We start with the von Neumann entropy and other measures of information. Then, we introduce the mathematical formulation of quantum channels, including the Choi-Jamiolkowski isomorphism. Accessible information, Holevo quantity and quantum channel capacities are discussed; the classical capacity of quantum channels is presented, as well as a brief introduction to the other kinds of quantum channel capacities.
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