Abstract
The formulation of a point target spectrum in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a key step in SAR focusing algorithms, which exploits the processing efficiency in the frequency domain. The general bistatic SAR range equation has a double-square-root (DSR) term that makes it difficult to derive an analytical expression of the bistatic two-dimensional spectrum. Many researchers overcome this difficulty by developing an approximation of the two-dimensional bistatic point target reference spectrum (BPTRS) and using the result to develop efficient frequency domain focusing algorithms for bistatic SAR data. In this chapter, three BPTR spectra are discussed and derived in detail. These consist of the Loffeld bistatic formula (LBF), the extended Loffeld bistatic formula (ELBF), and the method of series reversion (MSR). These three formulations are based on the principle of stationary phase (POSP).
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