Abstract
Presynaptic neurotransmitter release is dominated by the synaptic vesicle (SV) cycle and entails the biogenesis, fusion, recycling, reformation or turnover of synaptic vesicles—a process involving bulk movement of membrane and proteins. As key mediators of membrane trafficking, small GTPases from the Rab family of proteins play critical roles in this process by acting as molecular switches that dynamically interact with and regulate the functions of different sets of macromolecular complexes involved in each stage of the cycle. Importantly, mutations affecting Rabs, and their regulators or effectors have now been identified that are implicated in severe neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we summarize the roles and functions of presynaptic Rabs and discuss their involvement in the regulation of presynaptic function.
Highlights
Rab proteins comprise the largest subgroup of the Ras family of small GTPases [1]
As all eukaryotic trafficking steps, the synaptic vesicle cycle is governed by specific Rab GTPases
These include sets of specific Rabs involved in exocytosis (RAB3 family), in endosomal function (RAB5, and probably RAB4, RAB11, and RAB35) and, as recently discovered, Rab proteins involved in autophagosomal function (RAB26 and RAB33)
Summary
Rab proteins comprise the largest subgroup of the Ras family of small GTPases [1]. They are evolutionarily conserved and occur in all eukaryotes. Includes organelle has its own of Rab proteins controlling its biogenesis, maturation,This and transition as well as trafficking conserved in all eukaryotes but This includes specialized such as conserved regulated interaction steps with other membranous compartments. In this exocytosis mini review, we willthat focus on in all eukaryotes and specialized adaptations such as regulated in neurons govern presynaptic Rab proteins their synaptic organization, synaptic transmission. As all eukaryotic trafficking steps, the synaptic vesicle cycle is governed by specific Rab GTPases. These include sets of specific Rabs involved in exocytosis (RAB3 family), in endosomal function (RAB5, and probably RAB4, RAB11, and RAB35) and, as recently discovered, Rab proteins involved in autophagosomal function (RAB26 and RAB33)
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