Abstract
Mass production of graphene was successfully achieved with a simple and environmentally friendly electrochemical exfoliation approach. The obtained graphene was noncovalently modified by ligninsulfonate and iron ion (Fe-lignin) to form the flame retardant functionalized graphene sheets (FGNS). Subsequently, FGNS was introduced to reduce fire hazards of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The FGNS/TPU nanocomposites presented higher thermal conductivity, thermal stability, and flame retardancy than those of neat TPU. By adding 2.0 wt% FGNS, a significant reduction (62.8%) in peak heat release rate (pHRR) and high char yield (from 3.6 to 9.4 wt%) were observed. During the combustion, in situ formed char derived from catalysis action of Fe-lignin can protect the layer structure of graphene to further hinder the transfer of pyrolysis volatile with barrier effect. The simple exfoliation and effective functionalization of graphene shows a promising application prospect in polymer nanocomposites.
Published Version
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