Abstract
Organic bioelectronics involves the connection of organic semiconductors with living organisms, organs, tissues, cells, membranes, proteins, and even small molecules. In recent years, this field has received great interest due to the development of all kinds of devices architectures, enabling the detection of several relevant biomarkers, the stimulation and sensing of cells and tissues, and the recording of electrophysiological signals, among others. In this review, we discuss recent functionalization approaches for PEDOT and PEDOT:PSS films with the aim of integrating biomolecules for the fabrication of bioelectronics platforms. As the choice of the strategy is determined by the conducting polymer synthesis method, initially PEDOT and PEDOT:PSS films preparation methods are presented. Later, a wide variety of PEDOT functionalization approaches are discussed, together with bioconjugation techniques to develop efficient organic-biological interfaces. Finally, and by making use of these approaches, the fabrication of different platforms towards organic bioelectronics devices is reviewed.
Highlights
Organic bioelectronics comprises the association of organic semiconductors with biological entities of all orders of organization i.e., living organisms, organs, tissues, cells, membranes, proteins, and even small molecules [1]
The incorporation of additives such as small molecules, polymers and proteins to the polymerization solution involves a very simple way to modify the properties of the PEDOT polymer without the requirement of complex synthetic procedures
We have discussed several functionalization strategies for PEDOT and PEDOT:PSS films to incorporate a wide range of biomolecules for bioelectronics devices
Summary
Organic bioelectronics comprises the association of organic semiconductors with biological entities of all orders of organization i.e., living organisms, organs, tissues, cells, membranes, proteins, and even small molecules [1]. In the course of the last 20 years, this area has experienced great advances through the design and fabrication of original materials, innovation in fabrication technologies, and the better comprehension of the transport properties [2] This has fueled the development of a wide range of interesting devices, such as soft actuators [3], biosensors [4], recording probes [5], and organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) [6,7], enabling the detection of several relevant biomarkers, the stimulation and sensing of cells and tissues and the recording of electrophysiological signals [8,9].
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