Abstract
Dengue, which is one of the rapidly spreading disease, through mosquitoes as carriers, poses challenges to biosensor developers, since the detection has to be rapid and very specific. A non-invasive microwave-based complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) sensor is proposed to detect the dengue NS1 antigen. An electronic antenna structure is etched out of copper, on the ground plane of a micro-strip or transmission line using a printed circuit board (PCB) method on the FR4 substrate. A micro-strip transmission line coupled with CSRR acts as a sensor whose sensing mechanism is based on the interception of the electromagnetic field around the resonator, which leads to a shift in the resonance frequency. To detect dengue NS1 antigen, the sensor is functionalized with the antibody of NS1 using 1-(3- dimethylaminopropyl)- 3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) as the linker molecule. Upon immobilizing NS1 antibody on the CSRR structure, the sensor offers high sensitivity in the form of a change in the power of the signal due to antigen-antibody interaction. The sensor shows a power shift of ~24dB for 10 μl of dengue NS1 antigen. A highly sensitive sensor is hence demonstrated using careful simulation studies, electronic device development and use of nanotechnology for improved performance.
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