Abstract
The development of polymeric materials with novel structures and unique properties and functionalities is of both academic and industrial significance. In this work, functional poly(dihalopentadiene)s were synthesized by boron trihalide-mediated multicomponent polymerization routes in a stereoselective manner. The polymerizations of tetraphenylethylene-containing diyne, BX3 (X = Cl, Br) and p-tolualdehyde proceed smoothly in dichloromethane under mild conditions to afford high molecular weight poly(dihalopentadiene)s with a predominant (Z,Z)-configuration in moderate to good yields. The reaction conditions and the boron trihalide used were found to have great effects on the stereochemistry of the resulting polymer structures. The obtained poly(1,5-dihalo-(Z,Z)-1,4-pentadiene)s possess high thermal stability and good film-forming ability. Their thin films show high refractive index of 1.9007–1.6462 in a wide wavelength region of 380–890 nm with low optical dispersion. The polymers are weakly emissive in dilute solutions but become highly emissive upon aggregated, demonstrating a unique phenomenon of aggregation-enhanced emission. Their nanoaggregates in aqueous media can serve as sensitive fluorescent chemosensors for the detection of explosives with a superamplification effect and a low detection limit.
Highlights
The construction of new functional polymers with unique structures and properties and potential high-tech applications is an enduring research topic in polymer science due to its great academic and industrial significance
Weight-average molecular weights (Mw ) and polydispersity indices (PDI) of the obtained polymers were estimated by a Waters gel permeation chromatography (GPC) system equipped with a Waters 515 HPLC pump (Waters, Hong Kong, China), a set of Styragel columns (HT3, HT4 and HT6; MW range 102 –107 ), a column temperature controller, a Waters 486 wavelength-tunable
We have systematically studied the key parameters involved in the multicomponent polymerization of 1, 2 and BCl3 for the synthesis of P1/2 with (E,Z)-diene as major structural segments [41]
Summary
The construction of new functional polymers with unique structures and properties and potential high-tech applications is an enduring research topic in polymer science due to its great academic and industrial significance. Most of the commonly used functional polymers, such as polyolefins, polyesters and polyamides are constructed by the well-established homo- and two-component polymerizations [1,2]. These methods have become hard to meet the increasing demand on new polymeric materials with well-defined and complicated structures and multi-functionalities. Multicomponent polymerizations (MCPs) derived from the fascinating multicomponent reactions (MCRs) [3,4,5,6,7,8,9] have received great attention and become a new research. The simultaneous incorporation of three or more monomers with different functionalities in a one-pot MCP greatly enriches the structural diversity and properties of the resulting polymers [13,14,15,16]
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