Abstract
Development of rapid, sensitive, and visual detection of nitroaromatic explosives is of great importance for homeland security and human safety. Herein, three novel fluorescent nanoporous polymers (FNPs), HPP-1–HPP-3, were first prepared by Heck reactions of octavinylsilsesquioxane with ethene derivatives containing bis-, tri-, or tetrakis- bromophenyl groups. Based on highly sensitive detection of explosives, including p-nitrotoluene (NT), 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 4-nitrophenol (NP), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and picric acid (PA), and high selectivity for detecting TNT and PA, by HPP-2 dispersion in ethanol, a fluorescent paper sensor was developed by a new fabrication process, i.e., vacuum filtrating of HPP-2 dispersion in ethanol, followed by washing and natural drying. The resultant paper sensor was found to be sensitive to explosives in the solution, solid and vapor phase with a rapid response time of < 10 s by visually observing the fluorescence quenching phenomenon. Moreover, this paper sensor is recyclable with desirable fluorescence resuming ratio, which is higher than 75% after 10 times recycle detection. This developed paper sensor is promisingly applied for rapid, on-site and visual sensing of explosive residuals. The remarkable fluorescence and reusability of this sensor could be expanded to other fluorescence detection of residuals.
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