Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter integrates the current understanding of the major nuclear functions (replication of DNA, transcription of RNA, transport of RNA and other macromolecules, and formation of mitotic chromosomes) into the framework of the ultrastructural organization of the nucleus, to provide a topological view of nuclear activities. The chapter emphasizes some areas where newer ultrastructural cytochemical methods, such as the localization of specific proteins and nucleic acid sequences by immunocytochemical and in situ hybridization methods, could be applied. The rapid recent advances in the understanding of the structure and functions of chromatin, the structural organization of genes, and transcription have left many areas of nuclear structure and activity unexplored. The characterization of structural elements responsible for the organization of DNA in interphase and in mitotic chromosomes, the location of gene and control sequences with respect to these elements, and the mechanisms of attachment of DNA are among the challenging areas for future research.
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