Abstract
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and cyclooxygenase (COX) represent the two crucial rate-limiting steps for the PG-biosynthetic pathway. To date, more than ten PLA2 and two COX isozymes have been identified in mammals. The existence of two kinetically distinct PG-biosynthetic responses, the immediate and delayed phases, implies the recruitment of different sets of biosynthetic enzymes to this pathway. A rapidly expanding body of evidence suggests that the two COXs, the constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2, play distinct roles in regulating AA metabolism. Generally, utilization of COX-1 is observed during the early phase of PG biosynthesis occurring within several minutes of stimulation, whereas COX-2-dependent PG generation proceeds over several hours in parallel with the induction of COX-2 expression.l-4 However, whether distinct PLA2s are utilized selectively in the different PG-biosynthetic phases and couple specifically with each COX isozyme is controversial.
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