Abstract
Anatomical tracing, human clinical data, and stimulation functional imaging have firmly established the major role of the (neo-)cerebellum in cognition and emotion. Telencephalization characterized by the great expansion of associative cortices, especially the prefrontal one, has been associated with parallel expansion of the neocerebellar cortex, especially the lobule VII, and by an increased number of interconnections between these two cortical structures. These anatomical modifications underlie the implication of the neocerebellum in cognitive control of complex motor and non-motor tasks. In humans, resting state functional connectivity has been used to determine a thorough anatomo-functional parcellation of the neocerebellum. This technique has identified central networks involving the neocerebellum and subserving its cognitive function. Neocerebellum participates in all intrinsic connected networks such as central executive, default mode, salience, dorsal and ventral attentional, and language-dedicated networks. The central executive network constitutes the main circuit represented within the neocerebellar cortex. Cerebellar zones devoted to these intrinsic networks appear multiple, interdigitated, and spatially ordered in three gradients. Such complex neocerebellar organization enables the neocerebellum to monitor and synchronize the main networks involved in cognition and emotion, likely by computing internal models.
Highlights
The cerebellum has been classically involved in sensorimotor planning, execution, control, automation, and learning
Anatomical tracing in monkeys showing cerebellum interconnections between neocerebellum and associative brain areas organized in closed loops (Schmahmann and Pandya, 1997; Strick et al, 2009) in agreement with human tractograms reviewed in Habas and Manto (2018), human clinical studies leading to the description of a “cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome” (Schmahmann and Sherman, 1998), and activation functional MRI (Stoodley et al, 2012; Stoodley and Schmahmann, 2018) have firmly supported the enlarged functional implication of the cerebellum in cognition
Neocerebellar Functional Connectivity (Sereno et al, 2020), as well as an increased number of associative, mainly prefrontal, cerebello-cortical connections have been observed during the macroevolution history from great apes to humans (Ramnani et al, 2006; Balsters et al, 2010; Smaers, 2014)
Summary
Service de NeuroImagerie, Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des 15-20, Paris, France. Telencephalization characterized by the great expansion of associative cortices, especially the prefrontal one, has been associated with parallel expansion of the neocerebellar cortex, especially the lobule VII, and by an increased number of interconnections between these two cortical structures These anatomical modifications underlie the implication of the neocerebellum in cognitive control of complex motor and non-motor tasks. In humans, resting state functional connectivity has been used to determine a thorough anatomo-functional parcellation of the neocerebellum This technique has identified central networks involving the neocerebellum and subserving its cognitive function. Cerebellar zones devoted to these intrinsic networks appear multiple, interdigitated, and spatially ordered in three gradients Such complex neocerebellar organization enables the neocerebellum to monitor and synchronize the main networks involved in cognition and emotion, likely by computing internal models
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
