Abstract
Abstract In the last decade, passion fruit cultivation has regained special importance expressed in the increase of the planting area in order to supply growing markets. This study systematizes research and production experiences gathered in more than three decades of technical work in the central region of Colombia, at locations of Valle del Cauca, Cauca, Huila, Tólima, Quindio and Risaralda. Extensive field visits were conducted with farmers, students and technicians. Initially, general information on passion fruit cultivation, edaphoclimatic requirements are reviewed, analyzing the effect of climatological variables such as wind speed, relative humidity, temperature, rainfall and sunshine, in intensive production processes, which are manifested in the monthly distribution of production volume, expressed as percentage, taking as a reference the three support and conduction systems (simple trellis, “T” system and double cordon), highlighting attributes, advantages, disadvantages and their relationship with productivity and quality. Finally, the effect of pollinating agents was described. It was concluded that according to the ecophysiological requirements of passion fruit cultivation under tropical Colombian conditions, the trellising system, which presents the greatest advantages for cultural and phytosanitary management is the simple trellis, obtaining higher production volumes of optimum quality.
Highlights
The edaphoclimatic conditions of the Colombian middle tropics present a series of competitive advantages for the establishment, development and production of fruits of great interest due to their nutritional and nutraceutical properties in specialized markets characterized by high competitiveness (CAMPOS et al, 2018)
Regnellii); passion flower (Passiflora incarnata); garlic passion fruit (Passiflora tenuifila); two-flowered passion fruit (Passiflora biflora Lam). (FNC, 1987; DAMATTO et al, 2005; FALEIRO et al, 2019; PROIMPRESS-CEPASS, 2020). They differ by their external appearance into two colors; yellow passion fruit adapted to the conditions of the low and middle tropics (0-1000 meters above sea level) is a rustic plant with greater vigor compared to purple passion fruit, and under this condition, guarantees rapid return on invested capital (SILVA et al, 2020)
Collected data were organized in a database for later systematization, interpretation and analysis, with the understanding that farmers in their continuous productive processes have contributed to the expansion of the area of passion fruit cultivation in Colombia, proposing and developing new pathogen management and control practices based on accumulated community experience (OCAMPO et al, 2017; OCAMPO et al, 2017a)
Summary
The edaphoclimatic conditions of the Colombian middle tropics present a series of competitive advantages for the establishment, development and production of fruits of great interest due to their nutritional and nutraceutical properties in specialized markets characterized by high competitiveness (CAMPOS et al, 2018). (FNC, 1987; DAMATTO et al, 2005; FALEIRO et al, 2019; PROIMPRESS-CEPASS, 2020) They differ by their external appearance (color, size, weight) into two colors; yellow passion fruit adapted to the conditions of the low and middle tropics (0-1000 meters above sea level) is a rustic plant with greater vigor compared to purple passion fruit, and under this condition, guarantees rapid return on invested capital (SILVA et al, 2020). Passion fruit is a perfect, self-sterile hermaphroditic plant, and fertilization requires natural cross pollination (NCP), so that genomic segregation is high Under these conditions, it is not possible to consider varieties as such, and the most appropriate is to consider ecotypes, that is, differentiated forms depending on the environmental offer, that is, on a specific habitat, on particular ecosystem (CLEVES, 2012).
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