Abstract
We propose an efficient numerical method for the full-vectorial analysis of three-dimensional (3-D) optical waveguide discontinuities. In this method, the finite element method with higher adaptability and flexibility is employed to discretize the waveguide cross section. In order to calculate the square root of the characteristic matrix, the Denman-Beavers iterative scheme is used. Applying this method to 3-D strongly guiding waveguide discontinuity problems, the modal reflectivities of the fundamental TE-like and TM-like modes are calculated. These results show unique vector properties and significantly differ from those of scalar analysis because various mode couplings between the field components occur at the discontinuity facet and they cannot be ignored.
Highlights
With the recent development of communications technology, optical waveguide discontinuities have been an important subject in the design and investigation of novel optical devices and systems
We describe the formulation of finite element method (FEM) and propagation operator method (POM)
In order to analyze the three-dimensional waveguide discontinuity problems, an efficient numerical approach of the full-vectorial propagation operator method based on the finite element scheme is proposed
Summary
With the recent development of communications technology, optical waveguide discontinuities have been an important subject in the design and investigation of novel optical devices and systems. In our analysis, considering the structural symmetry of the waveguide geometry, the quarter region (3 × 2 μm) of the waveguide cross-section is discretized by 66 third-order triangular elements, as shown in Figure 4 shows the modal reflectivities of the fundamental Ex and Ey modes as a function of the core width w.
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