Abstract
The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) is the primary Earth observing sensor on the new generation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES-R) series, and provides significant spectral, spatial and temporal observational enhancements compared to the legacy GOES satellites. ABI also provides enhanced capabilities for operational sensor calibration and image navigation and registration (INR) to enable observations of the Earth with high spectral fidelity as well as creating images that are accurately mapped and co-registered over time. Unlike earlier GOES Imagers, ABI has onboard calibration capability for all sixteen bands in the reflective and emissive bands. The calibration process includes periodic and routine views of the internal reflective and blackbody targets as well as views of space and the moon. Improvements in INR are made possible by having a Global Positioning System (GPS) on board the spacecraft and routine measurements of stars through the sensor’s boresight for orbit and attitude determination through a Kalman filter. This paper describes how the sensor data are processed into calibrated and geolocated radiances that enable the generation of imagery and higher level products for both meteorological and non-meteorological Earth science applications. Some examples of ABI images and calibration are presented to demonstrate the capabilities and applications of the sensor.
Highlights
The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) is the primary Earth observing sensor on Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) series-R, which includes R, S, T, and U (GOES-R)
ABI has significantly lower Noise-Equivalent delta Temperature (NEdT) compared to legacy GOES imager bands, and the actual post launch values are lower than the specification, which allows measurement of the spectral radiances with higher accuracy and precision (Figure 5)
ABI has been transmitting data routinely to the ground stations where the raw data are processed to L1b as described in Section 3, and these data are rebroadcast across the Western Hemisphere as GOES Rebroadcast (GRB)
Summary
The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) is the primary Earth observing sensor on Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) series-R, which includes R, S, T, and U (GOES-R). The satellite is transmitting ABI data to the ground stations in the US, where the data are being processed to produce operational imagery and higher level meteorological and environmental products. The imager performs observations for radiometric and geometric calibration, such as internal blackbody target, space and stars looks. All these data are seamlessly interleaved and transmitted to a command and data handling ground station, where the raw data are processed as follows: 1. The ground system continuously receives and processes the ABI data into radiances, imagery, and several higher level products that provide geophysical measurements of the land, oceans, and atmosphere for operational meteorology.
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