Abstract
Probiotics have evolved from a dynamic and living culture that enhances the composition of the GI tract microbiota to encompass more specific benefits, notably the immunomodulatory ability of well-defined strains. The most prevalent sources of beneficial strains, or potential probiotics, are commonly found within the Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genera, and certain strains among them possess remarkable capabilities in reducing inflammation, preventing ulcers, alleviating diarrhea, and even combating autism. Recent evidence further emphasizes the essential part of GI microbiome dysbiosis in neurodegenerative disorders. These conditions may manifest through the intricate network of interconnections amongst the microbiota, gut, and brain, facilitating bidirectional transmission via pathways involving neuroimmune responses, neuroendocrine signaling, and direct neural connections like the vagus nerve. The present focus of probiotic research aims to provide suitable and secure bacterial stimulation to counteract abnormal immune reactions linked to allergic inflammation and various neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, additional careful scientific efforts are essential to completely clarify the immune-modulating potential of certain probiotic types regarding these particular goals.
Published Version
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