Abstract
Pigments are now available in a wide range of physical forms and dispersions, e. g. as special pastes, dispersible powders, and chips and granules. These are made either by the pigment manufacturers or by firms which specialise in the dispersion of pigments. The various forms are briefly reviewed with respect to their properties and fields of application. Despite the importance of the degree of dispersion of a pigment, both in dispersions as sold and in pigmented systems, there is as yet no accepted method for measuring it. The measurement of the particle–size distribution of pigments in dispersed systems is beset with practical difficulties. Different methods are discussed and a critical assessment of the suitability of the Coulter Counter for this purpose is described, the experimental results obtained with some organic–pigment pastes are outlined, and the factors involved in measurement are listed.
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