Abstract
During direct drive friction welding could relatively predicting the micro-structural and mechanical properties of friction-welded joints by controlling the welding conditions; friction time is an important coefficient that effects on these properties, present study focused on the effect of that time on micro-structural and mechanical phenomena during that process. The process achieved in different friction time, while welding joints investigated by macroscope, microstructure, scanning electron microscope, tensile, compression and micro-hardness tests. The micro-hardness tests were performd along the interface and axial direction. Thus, the tensile tests carried out on the standardized test piece with effective diameter of 6 mm and compression tests were extracted at welded center in three angles of 0°, 45° and 90° with test specimen of 4 mm diameter and 6.5 mm length. The results showed that with increasing friction time could be found hard zone at the interface of welded joint because of extended of high plastically deformation zone, which will responsible on decreasing some useful mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength and yield compression strength. However, tensile fracture position occurred adjacent to the interface at the thermo-mechanical deformation zone in the rotating side for all welding pieces, where the micro-hardness attenuated at that region.
Highlights
Friction welding is well known among solid-state joining methods
From the compression results its obviously apparent of anisotropy in the yield strength seems under effect of friction time, noted that compression yield strength clearly decreased with longer friction time especially for 0° angle
While compression yield strength reduced from 473 MPa to 452 MPa for 6.5 s to 10 s respectively for 0° angle direction, at longer friction time the ratio is falling from 86 to 82 % relative to AISI 304
Summary
Friction welding is well known among solid-state joining methods. Principle characteristic of this process is producing coalescence at temperature essentially below than the melting point of the base metal being welded [1, 2]. Several studies have been conducted to understand the influence of direct drive friction welding parameters on both microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of post-forging joints such as friction time [11,12,13,14,15,16], friction pressure [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17], forging phase [18, 19] and rotation speed [20, 21] This process as mentioned in the literature has two phases. The present paper is concerned with the lack of information and includes a contribution to illustrate and understand the direct drive friction welding joint strength of AISI 304 on the microstructural and mechanical behavior
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