Abstract
The present study relates the effect of friction stir welding on microstructure and tensile strength of carbon steel. The friction stir welded joint was produced on a steel plate, 3 mm thick, using tungsten carbide tool. The grain structure of the weld was examined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the joint strength was examined using transverse tensile testing. The microstructure analysis revealed that the base metal consist of ferrite as well as the austenite but the noteworthy observation is that the friction stir welded joint showed refined grains of austenite and pearlite in the HAZ, along with the formation of dendrite in that area. The result of transverse tensile testing indicates that the welded joint has nearly same strength when compared to the parent metal. The welded specimen failed near the base region but the welded joint remained intact, indicating the formation of a good quality joint. The results of the study fulfilled the objective, which was to achieve a good quality friction stir welded steel joint with high strength and refined microstructure.
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