Abstract
Friction between sand and steel is studied by laboratory tests under repeated loading. The interface behavior under one-way and two-way repeated loading was compared with the behavior under monotonic loading. Once/ a sand-steel interface slides, the coefficient of friction at the re-start of sliding becomes different from the peak value in the first. The coefficient of friction under repeated loading converges to a value close to the residual shear stress ratio of the sand mass. A shear zone formation along sand-steel interface was observed with macroscopic photographing. This shear zone formation along the sand-steel interface explains the decrease of upper-limiting value of the coefficient of friction. The amount of particle crushing was evaluated by sieving the sand before and after the friction tests. Particle crushing explains the influence of sand type and normal stress in the increase of the coefficient of friction under repeated loading.
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