Abstract
The steel–concrete composite structures consist of two different material parts, which are connected with reliable shear connectors to enable the combined action of the steel and concrete members. The shear connectors may experience either one-directional repeated cyclic loadings or fully reversed cyclic loadings depending on the structural functions and acting loadings. It is essential for structural engineers to estimate the residual shear strength of the shear connectors after action of repeated loads. The characteristics of deteriorating shear capacities of Y-type perfobond rib shear connectors under repeated loads were investigated to estimate the energy dissipating capacity as well as the residual shear strength after repeated loads. To perform the repeated load experiments four different intensities of repeated loads were selected based on the monotonic push-out tests which were performed with 15 specimens with five different design variables. The selected load levels range from 35% to 65% of the representative ultimate shear strength under the monotonic load. In total, 12 specimens were tested under five different repeated load types which were applied to observe the energy dissipating characteristics under various load intensities. It was found that the dissipated energy per cycle becomes stable and converges with the increasing number of cycles. A design formula to estimate the residual shear strength after the repeated loads was proposed, which is based on the residual shear strength factor and the nominal ultimate shear strength of the fresh Y-type perfobond rib shear connectors. The design residual shear strength was computed from the number of repeated loads and the energy dissipation amount per cycle. The reduction factor for the design residual shear strength was also proposed considering the target reliability level. The various reduction factors for the design residual shear strength were derived based on the probabilistic characteristics of the residual shear strength as well as the energy dissipation due to repeated loads.
Highlights
The steel–concrete composite structures consist of two different material parts, which are connected with reliable shear connectors to enable the combined action of the steel and concrete members
This study investigated the residual shear resistances after one-directional repeated loads on the Y-type perfobond rib shear connectors
The design residual shear resistance formula under repeated loads was proposed with a resistance factor, which can be selected depending on the target reliability level under the repeated load environments
Summary
As the steel–concrete composite structures are applied widely to various structures, many studies have been performed to investigate the behaviors of the shear connectors in various design conditions such as shear connector types, material properties, load conditions, etc. Bursi and Gramola [1] conducted monotonic loading tests and fully reversed cyclic loading tests with stud shear connectors to evaluate the hysteretic performance of composite beams. Kim et al [8,9,10] conducted fully reversed cyclic loading tests to evaluate the effect of load condition and transverse rebar size, and to compare the shear connection of stud and Y-type perfobond rib shear connectors. This study investigates the deteriorating shear strength capacities of Y-type perfobond rib shear connectors under the one-directional repeated loadings, in which the rib height is designed to be tall and 100 mm high (the total height is 160 mm including the root and dowel hole) to provide high shear resistances. The proposed procedure to generate the design formula of the residual shear strength may be applied to various types of shear connectors under the repeated loads
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