Abstract
A frequency-diverse bunching metamaterial antenna for coincidence imaging in the Ka band is proposed in this paper. The bunching metamaterial antenna includes a broadband circular array and a frequency-diverse bunching metalens. Firstly, in order to enhance the bunching characteristic, the broadband circular array is designed based on the 60-degree beamwidth design to generate radiation patterns from 32 GHz to 36 GHz. Then, types of metamaterial elements with different transmission phases are selected to form the frequency-diverse bunching metalens based on a random distribution design and gradient zoom coefficient design. Moreover, the bunching metamaterial antenna is constituted by loading the frequency-diverse bunching metalens to the broadband circular array, which can generate frequency-diverse bunching random radiation patterns with beamwidth less than 100 degrees from 32 GHz to 36 GHz. Furthermore, the performances of the bunching metamaterial antenna, including the reflection coefficient, the radiation efficiency, and the correlation coefficients of radiation patterns at different frequencies are evaluated. Finally, the coincidence imaging experiment is implemented using the bunching metamaterial antenna and the image of the target is reconstructed successfully. The design is verified by simulations and measurements.
Highlights
Nowadays, coincidence imaging in microwave frequencies is becoming more and more popular.But the difficulty of balancing the imaging efficiency, cost, and volume of the system limits the application of coincidence imaging in many situations
In order to solve this problem, in 2018 we proposed a frequency-diverse transmission metamaterial aperture that can generate bunching random beams to increase the imaging distance [32]
The conclusion can be drawn that the radiation pattern of the metamaterial aperture antenna can be bunched through the 60-degree beamwidth design and the gradient zoom coefficient design, which provides a new method for designing frequency-diverse bunching random radiation patterns
Summary
Coincidence imaging in microwave frequencies is becoming more and more popular. The frequency-diverse metamaterial antenna is a new kind of antenna that can generate radiation patterns with low correlation coefficients at different frequencies, which can be used as different measurement modes in coincidence imaging. In order to solve this problem, in 2018 we proposed a frequency-diverse transmission metamaterial aperture that can generate bunching random beams to increase the imaging distance [32]. A new method that uses a 60-degree beamwidth design, random distribution design, and gradient zoom coefficient design is proposed in order to design the frequency-diverse bunching metamaterial antenna (BMA) with low profile. The BMA can generate frequency-diverse radiation patterns with a beamwidth less than 100 degrees from 32 GHz to 36 GHz. In Section 2, the broadband circular array (BCA) and the frequency-diverse bunching metalens (FBDM) are designed.
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