Abstract
Lissajous microscanners are very attractive in compact laser scanning applications such as endomicroscopy or pro-projection display owing to high mechanical stability and low operating voltages. The scanning frequency serves as a critical factor for determining the scanning imaging quality. Here we report the selection rule of scanning frequencies that can realize high definition and high frame-rate (HDHF) full-repeated Lissajous scanning imaging. The fill factor (FF) monotonically increases with the total lobe number of a Lissajous curve, i.e., the sum of scanning frequencies divided by the great common divisor (GCD) of bi-axial scanning frequencies. The frames per second (FPS), called the pattern repeated rate or the frame rate, linearly increases with GCD. HDHF Lissajous scanning is achieved at the bi-axial scanning frequencies, where the GCD has the maximum value among various sets of the scanning frequencies satisfying the total lobe number for a target FF. Based on this selection rule, the experimental results clearly demonstrate that conventional Lissajous scanners substantially increase both FF and FPS by slightly modulating the scanning frequencies at near the resonance within the resonance bandwidth of a Lissajous scanner. This selection rule provides a new guideline for HDHF Lissajous scanning in compact laser scanning systems.
Highlights
Controlled steering of laser beams attracts assorted optical applications such as advanced optical microscopy1,2, 3D material processing[3,4] including 3D printing[5,6], single-pixel camera[7], or screen-less display[8,9,10]
The scanned image quality of Lissajous scanning can be evaluated by several parameters such as the fill factor (FF), i.e., a ratio of scanned area over a total pixel area in a single image, the scanning density, the step size, and the frame rate, called the frames per second (FPS)
The FPS was set to 10 Hz with over 80% in FF for 256 × 256 image pixels because conventional Lissajous microscanners have 2~3 Hz in FPS19,31,41
Summary
Kyungmin Hwang[1,3], Yeong-Hyeon Seo[1,3], Jinhyo Ahn[2,3], Pilhan Kim2,3 & Ki-Hun Jeong[1,3]. HDHF Lissajous scanning can be achieved by selecting the bi-axial scanning frequencies with the highest FPS among various sets of scanning frequencies, which should be located at near the resonant frequencies within the resonance bandwidth and satisfy the minimum N for a target FF Based on this selection rule, the experiment results successfully demonstrate a fiber scanner exhibits HDHF Lissajous scanning, i.e., 10 Hz in FPS and 92% in FF at near the scanning frequency of 1 kHz, and 2D reflectance confocal imaging without any temporal flickering. This selection rule can provide a new guideline for obtaining HDHF Lissajous scanning in real-time and high-resolution compact laser scanning applications
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