Frequency Reconfigurable of Quad-Band MIMO Slot Antenna for Wireless Communication Applications in LTE, GSM, WLAN, and WiMAX Frequency Bands

Abstract

AbstractThis study proposes frequency reconfigurable, Quad-band MIMO slot antenna in various frequency bands of L and S to be used in wireless communication applications. The proposed Quad-band antenna comprises of 4 PIN diodes, and it is electronically switchable within LTE, GSM, WLAN, and WiMAX frequency bands, for example 1.9, 2.6, 2.4, and 3.8 GHz. This Quad-band antenna is designed for the operating bands and wireless communication bands for different performance parameters, i.e., S-parameters, far-field radiation characteristics, voltage standing wave ratio, and surface current distribution. In the operating band, it had a highest gain of 4.6 dBi. A meander-line resonator is placed in between antennas to achieve high isolation, which can improve the working of the Quad-band antenna. The proposed antenna was fabricated with FR4 substrate and 4 PIN diodes. The gain of proposed antenna is improved from 2.46 to 4.62 dBi gain, number of frequency bands is increased from three to four, and radiation efficiency obtained is 50%.KeywordsFrequency reconfigurablePIN diodeSlot antennaWireless communication applicationsQuad-band frequency operationMultiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)Diversity gain (DG)Envelope correlation coefficient (ECC)Total active reflection coefficient (TARC)Mean effective gain (MEG)Channel capacity loss (CCL)