Frequency of Various Complications in Teenage Pregnancy and Adult-Age Pregnancies: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: A major public health issue in the world is teenage pregnancy and its consequences. Sixteen million birth occurs in teenage pregnant women between 15-19 years of age in the world. Aim/Objectives: To find the frequencies of pre-eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, birth asphyxia, anemia and intrauterine death (IUD) in teenage pregnancy and adult-age pregnancy. Methodology: A total of two hundred patients were booked for ante-natal care and patients were divided into two different groups equally i.e., teenage pregnancy and adult-age pregnancy (TP Group and AP Group). Teenage pregnancy group ranged from 14 to 19 years, and AP Group ranged from 20-30 years. One hundred (100) pregnant ladies were registered for each group. Those pregnant women who had co-morbid were excluded from the study. Pregnant women were booked for ante-natal care from twenty-eight weeks of pregnancy to forty-one weeks of pregnancy for both groups. Result: The mean age of pregnant women was 16.25 ±4.90 years in the teenager pregnancy group (TP Group) and 26.00 ± 5.00 years in the adult-age pregnancy group (AP Group). The mean BMI of patients was 24.50 ± 0.75 kg/m2 in the TP Group while it was 26.25 ± 3.50 Kg/m2 in the AP Group. The concentration of mean hemoglobin was 9.25 ± 0.75 mg/dl in the teenager pregnancy group and it was 12.50 ± 0.50 mg/dl in the adult-age group (AP Group) and the p-value was 0.003 (significant). Mean systolic blood pressure was 130mm of Hg in the TP Group, and 120mm of Hg in the AP Group while mean diastolic blood pressure was 85mm of Hg in Teenage pregnancy and 75mm of Hg in Adult-age pregnancy. Anemia, pre-eclampsia, intrauterine death (IUD), postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and birth asphyxia were more in the teenage pregnancy group as compared to the adult-age pregnancy group. The mean gestational age in teenage pregnancy was 30.75±1.25 weeks and it was 38.80 ± 0.70 week in the adult-age pregnancy group. Conclusion: The frequency of pre-eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, birth asphyxia, intrauterine death and anemia were more in teenage pregnancy (TP Group).