Frequency of Molar Incisor Hypomineraliazation and Associated Risk Factors - A Study from Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract

<p><strong>Background and Objective:</strong> The prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization varies in different regions of the world. This disorder leads to susceptibility to development of complications and hence timely management is mandatory. This study was designed to determine the frequency of molar incisor hypomineralization in children presenting to dental out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a cross sectional descriptive study carried out at Ibn- Sina Hospital Multan, Pakistan. A total of 300 subjects including children and adolescents presenting to the outdoors were included. The detailed dental examination was carried out by two expert dentists for diagnosis of molar incisor hypomineralization. Data regarding risk factors was collected by administering a standardized and validated questionnaire to the parents about prenatal and post-natal risk factors.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: A total of 3.33% children were diagnosed with molar incisor hypomineralization. Male to female ratio was 1:1.3. There was no significant difference with respect to gender. The mean teeth affected per child were 2.1 ± 07. Risk factors found in the study population were asthma, history of typhoid and measles, and frequent antibiotic use.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Molar incisor hypomineralization is quite less frequent in general population with no gender predominance. Pre and post-natal factors effect its development that requires timely management strategies by dental specialists.</p>