Frequency‐independent features of self‐similar fractal antennas

Abstract

A generalized approach to the study of frequency‐independent antennas is presented which relies on the recently developed theory of fractal geometry. It is demonstrated that this fractal geometric interpretation allows for the ability to characterize a much wider class of frequency‐independent antennas. This includes radiating structures which are self‐similar in the discrete sense, the smooth sense, and even the “rough” sense. The antenna configurations in this paper are all self‐similar and have been parameterized in terms of a common similarity factor of τ. Finally, it is shown how this new theory of self‐similar fractal radiators may be employed to develop a multiband linear array design methodology for which the directive gain is a log‐periodic function of frequency.