Frequency estimation of electric signals based on the adaptive short-time Fourier transform

Abstract

Frequency is an important parameter in the monitoring, control, and protection of power systems and electric equipment. In this article, based on the adaptive short-time Fourier transform, a new digital algorithm is presented to estimate the frequency of electric signals. The novel window, called the Rectangle Self-Convolution Window, is adapted to eliminate the impact of harmonics, and the window length is adjusted according to the variation of signal frequency. The algorithm is easy to implement with high precision and short response time as well as a wide measuring range. It is thus suitable for real-time detection, especially when the frequency changes abruptly and the signal is corrupted by harmonics. Simulation results and practical application show that it is feasible and effective under different conditions.