Frequency divider design using the combination of transistors and passive devices

Abstract

The behavior of a frequency divider circuit using negative differential resistance (NDR) circuit, which is composed of resistor (R) and bipolar junction transistor (BJT), is studied. This frequency divider is mainly made of an R-BJT-NDR circuit, an inductor, and a capacitor. The operation is based on the long-period behavior of the NDR-based chaos circuit. We investigate the effects of the input signal frequency, bias, and amplitude on its operation. The results show that the dividing ratio can be selected by modulating these parameters. Finally, we demonstrate the high-frequency consideration and characteristic of this frequency divider.