Frequency Dependence of Path Loss with Wide Dynamic Range in Urban Macro Cells between 2 and 26 GHz

Abstract

This paper presents the frequency dependence of path loss based on the results of measurement campaign in two urban macro (UMa) cell environments using three frequencies from 2 to 26 GHz. In the channel model above 6 GHz standardized by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the frequency dependence of UMa path loss model is indicated by 20log(f). However, some studies show that the frequency dependence become more than 20log(f). The 3GPP model is based on several measurements that are limited in distance and dynamic range. Therefore, we measured the path loss characteristic using a wide dynamic range device capable of obtaining a path loss of 170 dB or more at 26 GHz. The measurement result shows that the frequency dependence is similar to the 3GPP UMa model in the line-of-sight (LoS), but it is larger than the dependence of 20log(f) in the non-LoS. As the results of the analysis, the high frequency dependence especially can be seen when the path loss of 26 GHz become larger than 150 dB. The analysis results indicate that this frequency dependence can be caused by dominant diffraction paths from the top of building near the receiver.