Abstract
There is an alternate cause for the decay rate defined by Edwin Hubble’s Cosmological Constant Theory. It can be proposed because inward motion is observed in the local Galaxies||Star groups around the Milky Way. The recession velocity of Galaxies farther out of is reasoned entirely from the increasing redshift in the frequency. The smaller the image of observed Galaxy/Cluster objects, the greater the downward shift in frequency of all Electro-Magnetic signals [EM]. An alternate cause for that downward shift could be through the absorption and re-emission through matter, leading to the absorption of some fraction of the energy quanta. There is nowhere in our Local Universe that is both absolutely devoid of matter and the continual formation of objects of all scales. If redshift was because of space expansion, it would increase the distance that signal had to travel. So a signal from GN-z11 stellar structure at 13.4 billion light years [LY] would take 13.4 billion years to travel. Assuming 13.8 billion years since the Big Bang would mean GN-z11 object travelled 13.4 billion LY in 400 million years. A current value for the Hubble constant is: H0=(67.8 ± 0.77) km s -1 Mpc -1 a frequency is shift of 67.8/c over a single Mpc. An alternate expression would be a shift factor 2.261560E-5 over a distance of 3.08567E22 m or a redshift of 7.32923E-28 over a metre because of passage through a medium. Dark matter is a currently accepted phenomenon. It is proposed that properties include redshift’s all normal matters that are put upon EM||Boson signals at the fraction stated above. The signal reduction|| frequency distortion happens at a quantum level for each occurrence, and so is not detectable until passage through millions of LY of Dark Matter. Support for this alternate supposition is reasoned from the fact that the M31 Galaxy and the NGC 300 Galaxy are at distances inconsistent with their Hubble recession velocity.
Highlights
This paper contests the cause of the Hubble Constant [ H0 ]
Electromagnetic radiation from Galactic/Cluster objects as their distance from the Milky Way [MW] increases is seen as evidence of Hubble velocity away from the Local||MW Galactic cluster
The Hubble constant decay rate is so miniscule; a reasonable proposition for that frequency reduction of the signal could be due to interference by inter-Galactic gases
Summary
This paper contests the cause of the Hubble Constant [ H0 ]. This paper argues against the velocity of universe expansion demanded by the Big Bang theory with currently accepted times for that event, and signal transmission time from observed objects moving between the objects and our observation points. An alternate cause for the EM frequency shifts downward would be Dark Matter throughout the Universe. Dark matter or normal matter particle absorbs, re-emits that EM at a lower frequency and signal strength and so distorts the signal. That signal reduction||frequency distortion would happen at a quantum level for each occurrence and so not detectable until after passage through millions of light years [LY] of passage through Dark Matter. Support for the alternate supposition in this paper is that in current Hubble Theory, the M31 Galaxy and the NGC 300 Galaxy are at distances inconsistent with their recession velocity
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