Frequency and Treatment Regimens of Macular Edema in 1946 Consecutive Patients with Noninfectious Uveitis at a Tertiary Ophthalmic Center in Shaanxi, China.

Abstract

We investigated the frequency of uveitic macular edema (UME) in patients with different types of noninfectious uveitis and present the primary treatment methods for UME at a specialized eye center in Shaanxi Province, China. We conducted a retrospective, noninterventional, observational survey involving 1946 patients with noninfectious uveitis (2816 eyes). The collected data included sex, age of uveitis onset, age of UME onset, anatomical classification of uveitis, and the treatment administered to UME patients. Of the 1946 patients with noninfectious uveitis, 929 (47.74%) were male and 1017 (52.26%) were female. The average age of all participants in the study was 42.19 ± 15.34years, with average age at uveitis onset of 39.50 ± 15.52years. Among the patients, 1003 (51.54%), 239 (12.28%), 410 (21.07%), and 294 (15.11%) had anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, and panuveitis, respectively. UME was observed in 134 (6.89%) of the uveitis patients. The average age of UME patients was 47.33 ± 17.17years, with average age at uveitis onset of 45.78 ± 17.20years. Out of the 134 UME patients, 3 (0.30%), 15 (6.28%), 47 (11.46%), and 69 (23.47%) had anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, and panuveitis, respectively. Among them, 37 were lost to follow-up, 44 received adalimumab (ADA) combined with low-dose prednisone and with or without conventional immunosuppressants, 19 received interferon-α2a therapy, 14 received intravitreal corticosteroid injections (such as dexamethasone implant or fluocinolone acetonide), 11 received low-dose corticosteroids combined with conventional immunosuppressants, 5 received only oral prednisone, and 4 received repeated peribulbar or subconjunctival injections of triamcinolone acetonide. At our tertiary ophthalmic center in Shaanxi Province, China, only 6.89% of patients with noninfectious uveitis were diagnosed with UME. The primary treatment modality for UME in our center is ADA, in accordance with treatment guidelines and the Chinese medical insurance reimbursement system.